It turns out that while Python does not import _private identifiers
when using * imports, it does nevertheless import all submodules.
Avoid polluting the namespace in the prelude by explicitly listing
all exported identifiers.
Shapes have long been a part of nMigen, but represented using tuples.
This commit adds a Shape class (using namedtuple for backwards
compatibility), and accepts anything castable to Shape (including
enums, ranges, etc) anywhere a tuple was accepted previously.
In addition, `signed(n)` and `unsigned(n)` are added as aliases for
`Shape(n, signed=True)` and `Shape(n, signed=False)`, transforming
code such as `Signal((8, True))` to `Signal(signed(8))`.
These aliases are also included in prelude.
Preparation for #225.
This commit:
* moves lists of universally useful imports from `nmigen` to
`nmigen.hdl` and `nmigen.lib`, reimporting them in `nmigen`;
* replaces lots of imports from individual parts of `nmigen.hdl`
with a star import from `nmigen.hdl`;
* replaces imports in tests with what we expect downstream code
to use;
* adds some missing imports in `nmigen.formal`.
